Tēpalēhuiliztli:IPA/Nawatl

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Nahuatl pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see {{IPA}}.

Phoneme	Spelling	English approximation
Consonants^[1]
Nemachiyōtīlli:IPAlink	h^[2]	the catch in "uh-oh"
Nemachiyōtīlli:IPAlink	y	yellow
Nemachiyōtīlli:IPAlink	qu,^[3] c^[4]	scan
Nemachiyōtīlli:IPAlink	cu,^[5] uc^[4]	squall
Nemachiyōtīlli:IPAlink	l^[2]	clear l as in leave (not dark L as in "dull")
Nemachiyōtīlli:IPAlink	l (before a voiceless consonant)	Welsh llwyd
Nemachiyōtīlli:IPAlink	m	man
Nemachiyōtīlli:IPAlink	n^[6]	nose
Nemachiyōtīlli:IPAlink	p	span
Nemachiyōtīlli:IPAlink	c,^[3] z^[4]	sack
Nemachiyōtīlli:IPAlink	x	shoe
Nemachiyōtīlli:IPAlink	t	stand
Nemachiyōtīlli:IPAlink	tl	stop + Welsh llwyd
Nemachiyōtīlli:IPAlink	ch	choo
Nemachiyōtīlli:IPAlink	tz	cats
Nemachiyōtīlli:IPAlink	hu^[5], uh^[4]	witch
Nemachiyōtīlli:IPAlink	hu^[5], uh^[4]	which (as "hwich")

Phoneme	Spelling	English approximation
Vowels
Nemachiyōtīlli:IPAlink	a	bra
Nemachiyōtīlli:IPAlink	ā	(long a)
Nemachiyōtīlli:IPAlink	e	met
Nemachiyōtīlli:IPAlink	ē	mate
Nemachiyōtīlli:IPAlink	i	city
Nemachiyōtīlli:IPAlink	ī	see
Nemachiyōtīlli:IPAlink	o	go^[7]
Nemachiyōtīlli:IPAlink	ō	go

Stress
[ˈ]	Primary stress^[8] Placed immediately before the stressed syllable.
Modern & Variant Orthography^[9]
Modern		Variant
Huītzilopōchtli, xiuhpōhualli		Vītzilopōchtli, xiuhpōvalli
huīpīlli, huei teocalli		uīpīlli, uei teocalli
aztecah, azo, zaoc, za		açtecah, aço, çaoc, ça
iyo, in, ipan, itzcuīntli		yyo, yn, ypan, ytzcuīntli
cuahuitl, macuahuitl		quahuitl, maquahuitl
tlahtohqueh		tlàtòquê

Amoxmeh

Andrews, J. Richard (2003). "Introduction to classical Nahuatl" (rev. ed.). Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press. pp. 24–38. ISBN 0-8061-3452-6.
Karttunen, Frances (1992). "An analytical dictionary of Nahuatl". Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 0-8061-2421-0.
Launey, Michel (2011). Mackay, Christopher, ed. "An Introduction to Classical Nahuatl". Cambridge University Press. pp. 4–5.
Lockhart, James (2001). "Nahuatl as written: lessons in older written Nahuatl, with copious examples and texts" (Orig. print ed.). Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press [u.a.] ISBN 0-8047-4282-0.

Amoxtemolistli

↑ Consonants can be geminated, including [/l/] (spelled as ll, but not pronounced as in Spanish) (Andrews 2003, p. 33).
↑ ^2,0 ^2,1 No Nahuatl word begins with [/l/] or [/ʔ/] (Andrews 2003, p. 29; Karttunen 1992, p. XI).
↑ ^3,0 ^3,1 Before e and i.
↑ ^4,0 ^4,1 ^4,2 ^4,3 ^4,4 All other cases.
↑ ^5,0 ^5,1 ^5,2 Before vowels.
↑ [/n/] is Nahuatl's most weakly pronounced consonant (Lockhart 2001, p. 112).
↑ The Nahuatl [/o/] is different from every English vowel, but the nearest equivalents are the vowel of coat (for most English dialects) and the vowel of saw.
↑ Primary stress is nearly always occurs on the penultimate (second to last) syllable. The only exception is vocative forms, in which case the final syllable is stressed.
↑ Andrews 2003, p. 655-658

[1] Consonants can be geminated, including [/l/] (spelled as ll, but not pronounced as in Spanish) (Andrews 2003, p. 33).

[begin-2] 2,0 ^2,1 No Nahuatl word begins with [/l/] or [/ʔ/] (Andrews 2003, p. 29; Karttunen 1992, p. XI).

[beforeei-3] 3,0 ^3,1 Before e and i.

[other-4] 4,0 ^4,1 ^4,2 ^4,3 ^4,4 All other cases.

[before-5] 5,0 ^5,1 ^5,2 Before vowels.

[6] [/n/] is Nahuatl's most weakly pronounced consonant (Lockhart 2001, p. 112).

[7] The Nahuatl [/o/] is different from every English vowel, but the nearest equivalents are the vowel of coat (for most English dialects) and the vowel of saw.

[8] Primary stress is nearly always occurs on the penultimate (second to last) syllable. The only exception is vocative forms, in which case the final syllable is stressed.

[9] Andrews 2003, p. 655-658

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